SPECTROPHOTOMETER?

WHAT IS A SPECTROPHOTOMETER?

Spectrophotometer: Instrument used to measure the intensity of wavelengths in a spectrum of light compared with the intensity of light from a standard source. II Device for measuring the brightness of the various portions of spectra.

Beer's Law: The Effect of Concentration

What are the factors that affect the amount of light a sample absorbs?
In this exercise, the role of the analyte concentration is examined. The analyte is the substance that absorbs the light. (Literally, it is the substance that is being analyzed in the experiment.) The concentration is represented by the symbol c and is typically measured in mole L^-1.
In the experiment presented below, you will perform a series of simulations in which all experimental parameters are the same except for the analyte concentration. Each simulation will be performed using a different concentration to isolate the effect of the concentration on the absorption of light.
Your goal is to answer the following questions:

Determination of Analyte Concentration

One of the most common applications of spectrophotometry is to determine the concentration of an analyte in a solution. The experimental approach exploits Beer's Law, which predicts a linear relationship between the absorbance of the solution and the concentration of the analyte (assuming all other experimental parameters do not vary).

Spectrophotometry

Basic Principles

Concepts

A spectrophotometer is employed to measure the amount of light that a sample absorbs. The instrument operates by passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of light reaching a detector.

airtel How to Add/Delete/Change/Check FNF

Add a Number dial  *121*4*1#
Or Type ADD016XXXXXXXX (FnF number) to 7353 (free)

Delete a Number dial *121*4*2#
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Replace a Number dial *121*4*3#

List or check FnF numbers dial *121*4*4# 

 

 

How Ultraviolet Water Treatment Units Work

Ultraviolet 101

Although ultraviolet light has several water treatment capabilities, such as reducing chlorine and chloramine, its main use by far is for microbe control.
Getting rid of microbial water contaminants can be done with chemicals, like chlorine or chloramines, by very tight filtration, as with ceramic filters, or by disabling the microbes with ultraviolet light.

Ultraviolet, UV, is not new. As early as 1877, the germicidal properties of sunlight were known.
Landmark events in the development of modern UV treatment include the use of mercury lamps as an artificial germicidal light source (1901), the development of quartz as a UV transmitting medium (1906), and finally the development of the first genuine drinking water application of ultraviolet as a disinfectant in France in 1910.
The technology is, therefore, a century old, and it is used world wide. Nevertheless, it is still unknown to many US state and local regulating agencies, who continue to accept chlorination as the only acceptable way to purify water.

How Permeate Pumps Work

Unlike electric pumps that boost inlet pressure to reverse osmosis units, the unique "permeate pump" enhances performance without actually providing additional pressure for the inlet side of the unit. The permeate pump, instead, greatly reduces the back pressure from the RO unit's storage tank. This allows the RO membrane to take full advantage of the pressure that it has.
Permeate is water treatment jargon for the product water of the reverse osmosis unit--water that has been treated by the membrane, the water you're going to drink. Brine is the rinse water, the water that is carrying away the impurities rejected by the membrane, the water that will ultimately go down the drain.

How Siphon Filters Work

Siphon filters rely on the simple natural force of gravity to purify water.
The filter above is capable of making safe water from water contaminated with bacteria. It does this without the need of any external energy source or chemical additives.
The filter itself is a ceramic candle. It is attached to a simple adapter made of plastic tubing.

Undersink Water Filter Replacement Parts

Replacement parts for undersink water filters, including filter housings, brackets, faucets, fittings, tubings and more.

If you have trouble identifying the parts for your unit, or if you aren't sure if a part will work for you, please give us a call or email for advice.
Filter cartridges should also be changed regularly (about once a year). We have a separate catalog for those.

Sulfuric acid

  Buy Sulfuric Acid. 
  Price- 27-38tk/kg (Industrial grade, >95%)

            4800-9000 tk/2.5 L (Lab grade, >99%)

 Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid with the molecular formula H₂SO₄. It is a pungent-ethereal, colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid which is soluble in water at all concentrations. Sometimes, it is dyed dark brown during production to alert people to its hazards. The historical name of this acid is oil of vitriol.

The Early Uses of Chemistry: Stone Tool Technology

1. What was the problem?
2. How did chemistry solve the problem?
3. What was the positive impact of solving this problem on society?
4. What were the negative consequences that resulted from this solution?
5. What chemistry principles need to be learned to better understand steps 1 through 4?

Hardness Test Kit

Water hardness has traditionally been defined as the capacity of water to precipitate soap. The ionic species in the water causing the precipitation was later found to be primarily calcium and magnesium. In the present, therefore, water hardness is actually a quantitative measure of these ions in the water sample. It is also now known that certain other ion species, such as iron, zinc and manganese, contribute to the overall water hardness. The measure and subsequent control of water hardness is essential to prevent scaling and clogging in water pipes.

Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers

Our range of Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers have :- Multi-purpose application. Squeeze grip operation. Corrosion resistant finish. BS EN3 Approved. CE Approved. Complete with bracket.

Specialist Powder Fire Extinguishers

A specialist fire extinguisher for use on Class D fires - metal fires.

	Corrosion resistant high grade plastic valve.
	Seize and squeeze for maximum control.
	Unique lance applicator designed to allow the powder to fall gently over the fire.
	Colour coded zone for easy identification.
	Highly effective against metal fires, which include fires caused by lithium, sodium, magnesium and aluminium when in the form of powder or swarf.
	The L2 contains powder which is suitable for fires involving lithium.

Wet Chemical Fire Extinguishers

A special fire extinguisher for use on Class K fires - cooking oils etc.

	High performance ratings on classes A, B & K fires.
	Approved to 35kV dielectric test
	Three sizes to suit 25L, 40L and 75L capacity fryers
	Wet chemical process seals the surface of burning oil to prevent re-ignition
	Corrosion resistant finish
	Squeeze grip operation
	3L size not shown

CO2 Fire Extinguishers

	Squeeze grip operation.
	Corrosion resistant finish.
	Harmless to machinery.
	Kite marked to BS EN3.
	Complete with bracket.

Foam Fire Extinguishers

	Spray nozzle.
	Squeeze grip operation.
	Corrosion resistant finish.
	Internal polyethylene lining.
	Protective plastic base.
	Complete with bracket.

  

Water Fire Extinguishers

Stored Pressure Water Extinguishers

	Squeeze grip operation.
	Corrosion resistant finish.
	Internal polyethylene lining.
	Protective plastic base.
	Kitemarked to BS EN3.
	Complete with bracket.

Buy Water Fire Extinguishers

Technical Details

Type	6 ltr Water S/P	9 ltr Water S/P
Capacity (ltr)	6	9
Fire rating	13A	21A
Height (mm)	540	610
Cylinder diameter (mm)	162	182
Overall width (mm)	262	305
Filled weight (kg)	9.6	14.2
Range of throw (m)	5.5	>8
Duration of discharge (secs)	16	22
Working pressure (at 20° C)	15 bar	15 bar
Temperature range (° C)	+5 to +60	+5 to +60

Types of fire extinguisher

Water Fire Extinguishers:
The cheapest and most widely used fire extinguishers. Used for Class A fires. Not suitable for Class B (Liquid) fires, or where electricity is involved.